How is chlorine prepared by electrolytic method ? Explain its reaction with
NaOH

Explanation

Chlorine is obtained by the electrolysis of brine solution. Chlorine is liberated at anode.
Brine solution is taken in a perforated U-shaped steel vessel. Graphite rod acts as anode, steel vessel.acts as cathode. `H_(2)` and NaOH are by products .

` NaCl to Na^(+) + Cl^(-)`
At Anode : ` 2Cl - 2 e to Cl_(2)`
` 2 H_(2) O + 2 e to 2 OH ^(-) + H_(2)`
`Na^(+) + OH^(-) to NaOH`
Reactions :
When `Cl_(2)` gas is passed through hot concentrated NaOH, sodium chloride and sodium chlorate are formed
`6 NaOH + 3Cl_(2) to5 NaCl + NaClO_(3) + 3 H_(2) O`