Distinguish between esterification and saponification reactions of organic compounds with the help of the chemical equation for each. Write one use of (i) esters and (ii) saponification process?

Explanation

Esterification : A process in which an alcohol and a carboxylic acid react in the presence of conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)` to form an ester.
`CH_(3)COOH+C_(2)H_(5)OHoverset("Conc"H_(2)SO_(4))toCH_(3)COOC_(2)H_(5)+H_(2)O`
Saponification : A process in which an ester reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium salt of an acid and alcohol/an ester reacts in the presence of an acid or a base to give back the alcohol and carboxylic acid.
`CH_(3)COOC_(2)H_(5)+NaOHtoC_(2)H_(5)OH+CH_(3)COONa`
Esters are used in ice creams/perfumes
Saponification process is used in preparation of soap.