State Hardy schulze rule.

According to Hardy - Schulze rule, the coagulating power of cation follows the order :

According to Hardy Schulze rule, the power of coagulation of an ion depends upon………….

What is Hardy Schulze's rule ? Justify the use of gelatin as a protective colloid.

According to Hardy - Schulze rule, the coagulating power of cation follows the order :

On the basis of Hardy-schulze rule explain why the coagulating power of phosphate is higher than chloride ?

According to Hardy-Schulze rule for greater power of precipitation flocculating ion should have greater

According to Hardy Schultz rule, correct order of flocculation value for Fe(OH)_3 sol is :

Assertion (A) Coagulation power of Al^(3+) is more than Na^(+) . Reason (R) Greater the valency of the flocculating ion added, greater is its power to cause precipitation (Hardy-Schulze rule) . (a)Assertion and reason both are correct and the reason is correct explanation of assertion. (b)Assertion and reason both are correct but reason does not explain assertion. (c)Assertion is correct, but reason is incorrect. (d)Assertion is incorrect, but reason is correct.

Assertion: For the coagulation of sols carrying positive charge, PO_(4)^(3-) ions are more effeciency than SO_(4)^(2-) or Cl^(-) ions. Reason: This follows Hardy-Schulze rule.

Write short notes on (i) Brownian movement, (ii) Hardy and Schutze rule.