Statement-I: At low temperature, DH is the dominant factor for spontaneity of a reaction.
Statement-II: The opposing factor TDS remains very small, at low temperature.

Options

A. a. Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1
B. b. Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT correct explanation for statement-1
C. c, Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false
D. d. Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true

Answer

To analyze the statements provided in the question, we need to understand the relationship between enthalpy (ΔH), entropy (ΔS), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG) in determining the spontaneity of a reaction.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Gibbs Free Energy**:
The spontaneity of a reaction is determined by the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG), which is given by the equation:
\[ \Delta G = \Delta H - T\Delta S \]
where ΔH is the change in enthalpy, T is the temperature in Kelvin, and ΔS is the change in entropy.

2. **Analyzing Statement-I**:
Statement-I claims that at low temperatures, ΔH is the dominant factor for the spontaneity of a reaction.
- At low temperatures, the term \(T\Delta S\) becomes small because T is small. This means that the impact of ΔS on ΔG is reduced.
- Therefore, if ΔH is negative (exothermic reaction), it will dominate the equation, leading to a negative ΔG, indicating that the reaction is spontaneous.

3. **Analyzing Statement-II**:
Statement-II states that the opposing factor \(T\Delta S\) remains very small at low temperatures.
- As previously mentioned, since T is small at low temperatures, the product \(T\Delta S\) will also be small, making it a minor factor in determining spontaneity.

4. **Conclusion**:
Both statements are true. Statement-I is true because ΔH does dominate at low temperatures, leading to spontaneity if ΔH is negative. Statement-II is also true because \(T\Delta S\) is indeed small at low temperatures. Furthermore, Statement-II correctly explains Statement-I, as the smallness of \(T\Delta S\) allows ΔH to be the dominant factor.

5. **Final Answer**:
The correct option is A: Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, and Statement 2 is a correct explanation for Statement 1.