Increase in body fluid volume

Options

A. 1. activates the osmioreceptors
B. 2. suppresses release of ADH
C. 3. increases ADH secretion
D. 4, prevents diuresis

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question:**
The question asks about the physiological response to an increase in body fluid volume. This involves understanding how the body regulates fluid balance.

2. **Identifying Key Components:**
- Body fluid volume: Refers to the total amount of fluid in the body, which includes blood plasma and interstitial fluid.
- Osmoreceptors: Specialized cells that detect changes in osmotic pressure (concentration of solutes in the fluid).
- ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone): A hormone produced by the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland that helps regulate water balance in the body.

3. **Effects of Increased Body Fluid Volume:**
When body fluid volume increases, the concentration of solutes (like sodium) in the blood decreases, leading to a lower osmotic pressure. This change is detected by osmoreceptors.

4. **Response of Osmoreceptors:**
The activation of osmoreceptors typically leads to a signal being sent to the pituitary gland. However, in the case of increased body fluid volume, the response is different.

5. **Signal to the Pituitary Gland:**
The hypothalamus sends a signal to the pituitary gland to suppress the release of ADH. This is because high body fluid volume means the body does not need to retain more water.

6. **Consequences of Suppressed ADH Release:**
With lower levels of ADH, the kidneys will reabsorb less water, leading to increased urine production (diuresis). This helps to reduce the body fluid volume back to normal levels.

7. **Conclusion:**
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that an increase in body fluid volume suppresses the release of ADH.

**Final Answer:**
The correct option is B: It suppresses the release of ADH.

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