Oxyacid of chlorine with `+ 5` state of the central atom is 

Options

A. hypochlorous acid
B. chlorous acid
C. chloric acid
D. perchloric acid

Answer

To determine the oxyacid of chlorine with a +5 oxidation state of the central atom, we will analyze the given options step by step.

### Step 1: Identify the Oxyacids of Chlorine
The oxyacids of chlorine that we need to consider are:
1. Hypochlorous acid (HClO)
2. Chlorous acid (HClO₂)
3. Chloric acid (HClO₃)
4. Perchloric acid (HClO₄)

### Step 2: Write the General Formula for Oxidation State Calculation
The general formula for calculating the oxidation state of chlorine (X) in these acids can be expressed as:
\[ \text{Oxidation state of H} + \text{Oxidation state of Cl} + \text{Oxidation state of O} = \text{Overall charge} \]

### Step 3: Calculate the Oxidation State for Each Acid

#### For Hypochlorous Acid (HClO):
- Oxidation state of H = +1
- Oxidation state of O = -2
- Overall charge = 0

Using the formula:
\[ +1 + X - 2 = 0 \]
\[ X = +1 \]

#### For Chlorous Acid (HClO₂):
- Oxidation state of H = +1
- Oxidation state of O = -2 (2 oxygen atoms contribute -4)
- Overall charge = 0

Using the formula:
\[ +1 + X - 4 = 0 \]
\[ X = +3 \]

#### For Chloric Acid (HClO₃):
- Oxidation state of H = +1
- Oxidation state of O = -2 (3 oxygen atoms contribute -6)
- Overall charge = 0

Using the formula:
\[ +1 + X - 6 = 0 \]
\[ X = +5 \]

#### For Perchloric Acid (HClO₄):
- Oxidation state of H = +1
- Oxidation state of O = -2 (4 oxygen atoms contribute -8)
- Overall charge = 0

Using the formula:
\[ +1 + X - 8 = 0 \]
\[ X = +7 \]

### Step 4: Conclusion
From our calculations, we find that the oxidation state of chlorine in chloric acid (HClO₃) is +5. Therefore, the oxyacid of chlorine with a +5 oxidation state is:

**Answer: Chloric Acid (HClO₃)**

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