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If the length of the tangent from (2,5) ...

If the length of the tangent from `(2,5)` to
the circle `x^(2) + y^(2) - 5x +4y + k = 0` is
`sqrt(37) ` then find k.

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The correct Answer is:
To solve the problem, we need to find the value of \( k \) such that the length of the tangent from the point \( (2, 5) \) to the circle defined by the equation \( x^2 + y^2 - 5x + 4y + k = 0 \) is equal to \( \sqrt{37} \). ### Step-by-step Solution: 1. **Identify the Circle Equation**: The given equation of the circle is: \[ x^2 + y^2 - 5x + 4y + k = 0 \] This can be rearranged to: \[ x^2 + y^2 - 5x + 4y = -k \] 2. **Convert to Standard Form**: To find the center and radius of the circle, we need to complete the square for \( x \) and \( y \). - For \( x^2 - 5x \): \[ x^2 - 5x = (x - \frac{5}{2})^2 - \frac{25}{4} \] - For \( y^2 + 4y \): \[ y^2 + 4y = (y + 2)^2 - 4 \] Substituting these back into the equation gives: \[ (x - \frac{5}{2})^2 - \frac{25}{4} + (y + 2)^2 - 4 = -k \] Simplifying this, we get: \[ (x - \frac{5}{2})^2 + (y + 2)^2 = -k + \frac{25}{4} + 4 \] \[ (x - \frac{5}{2})^2 + (y + 2)^2 = -k + \frac{25}{4} + \frac{16}{4} \] \[ (x - \frac{5}{2})^2 + (y + 2)^2 = -k + \frac{41}{4} \] 3. **Identify the Center and Radius**: The center of the circle is \( \left(\frac{5}{2}, -2\right) \) and the radius \( r \) is given by: \[ r = \sqrt{-k + \frac{41}{4}} \] 4. **Length of the Tangent Formula**: The length of the tangent from a point \( (x_1, y_1) \) to the circle is given by: \[ L = \sqrt{(x_1 - h)^2 + (y_1 - k)^2 - r^2} \] where \( (h, k) \) is the center of the circle. Here, \( (x_1, y_1) = (2, 5) \). 5. **Calculate the Length of the Tangent**: Substituting the values: \[ L = \sqrt{\left(2 - \frac{5}{2}\right)^2 + (5 + 2)^2 - \left(-k + \frac{41}{4}\right)} \] Simplifying: \[ L = \sqrt{\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 + 7^2 - \left(-k + \frac{41}{4}\right)} \] \[ L = \sqrt{\frac{1}{4} + 49 - (-k + \frac{41}{4})} \] \[ L = \sqrt{\frac{1}{4} + 49 + k - \frac{41}{4}} \] \[ L = \sqrt{49 - 10 + k} = \sqrt{39 + k} \] 6. **Set the Length Equal to \( \sqrt{37} \)**: According to the problem, this length is equal to \( \sqrt{37} \): \[ \sqrt{39 + k} = \sqrt{37} \] 7. **Square Both Sides**: Squaring both sides gives: \[ 39 + k = 37 \] 8. **Solve for \( k \)**: Rearranging gives: \[ k = 37 - 39 = -2 \] ### Final Answer: Thus, the value of \( k \) is: \[ \boxed{-2} \]
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