Which of the following is transition element?

Options

A. Pb
B. Sn
C. Cr
D. Zn

Answer

To determine which of the given elements is a transition element, we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Definition of Transition Elements
Transition elements are defined as those elements that have an incomplete d subshell in one or more of their oxidation states. They are typically found in groups 3 to 12 of the periodic table.

### Step 2: Identify the Given Options
The options provided are:
1. Pb (Lead)
2. Sn (Tin)
3. V (Vanadium)
4. Zn (Zinc)

### Step 3: Analyze Each Element
- **Pb (Lead)**: Lead is located in group 14 of the periodic table. Its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5s2 5p2. The d subshell is not involved here, and it does not have an incomplete d subshell. Therefore, it is not a transition element.

- **Sn (Tin)**: Tin is also in group 14. Its electron configuration is [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p2. Similar to lead, the d subshell is completely filled (4d10), so it is not a transition element.

- **V (Vanadium)**: Vanadium is located in group 5 of the periodic table. Its electron configuration is [Ar] 4s2 3d3. The d subshell has 3 electrons, which means it is incompletely filled. Therefore, vanadium is a transition element.

- **Zn (Zinc)**: Zinc is in group 12. Its electron configuration is [Ar] 4s2 3d10. The d subshell is completely filled (3d10), so it is not a transition element.

### Step 4: Conclusion
From the analysis, the only element that qualifies as a transition element is **V (Vanadium)**.

### Final Answer:
The transition element among the given options is **V (Vanadium)**.

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