The substance that cause inflammation as a response to injury and infection are 

Options

A. Heparin
B. Histone
C. Seratonin
D. Histamine

Answer

To answer the question regarding the substances that cause inflammation in response to injury and infection, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Inflammation**:
- Inflammation is a protective response by the body’s immune system to injury or infection. It involves various white blood cells and chemical signals.

2. **Types of Inflammation**:
- Inflammation can be acute (short-lived) or chronic (long-lasting). Acute inflammation occurs quickly and resolves within hours or days, while chronic inflammation can persist for months or years.

3. **Chemical Mediators of Inflammation**:
- When tissue is damaged due to infection, trauma, or toxins, certain chemicals are released by the damaged cells. These include histamine, bradykinin, and prostaglandins.

4. **Role of Histamine**:
- Histamine is a key chemical mediator that causes blood vessels to become more permeable, allowing fluid to leak into tissues, resulting in swelling. This helps isolate foreign substances and attracts white blood cells (phagocytes) to the site of injury or infection.

5. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Heparin**: An anticoagulant that prevents blood clotting, not directly involved in inflammation.
- **Histone**: A protein associated with DNA structure, not related to inflammation.
- **Serotonin**: A hormone that regulates mood, not involved in the inflammatory response.
- **Histamine**: A chemical that plays a crucial role in the inflammatory response.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the evaluation, the correct answer is **histamine** as it is the substance that causes inflammation in response to injury and infection.

### Final Answer:
The substance that causes inflammation as a response to injury and infection is **histamine**.