Heart valvular stenosis is caused by

Options

A. Rheumatic fever
B. Dengue fever
C. Plague
D. Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Heart Valvular Stenosis**: Heart valvular stenosis refers to the narrowing of the heart valves, which can impede blood flow. This condition can affect any of the heart valves, but it is most commonly associated with the aortic and mitral valves.

2. **Identifying Causes of Valvular Stenosis**: There are several potential causes of heart valvular stenosis. The main causes include congenital defects, calcium buildup, and infections.

3. **Congenital Heart Defects**: Some individuals are born with congenital heart defects that can lead to valvular stenosis. For instance, aortic valves may develop with only two cusps instead of the normal three, which can cause narrowing.

4. **Calcium Buildup**: Over time, calcium can accumulate on the heart valves, leading to stiffening and narrowing of the valves. This condition is often seen in older adults.

5. **Rheumatic Fever**: Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can occur after a streptococcal infection. It can damage the heart valves and lead to stenosis, particularly affecting the mitral and aortic valves.

6. **Evaluating the Options**:
- Option A: Rheumatic fever - This is a known cause of valvular stenosis.
- Option B: Rengue fever - This is not associated with valvular stenosis.
- Option C: Plague - This is also not a cause of valvular stenosis.
- Option D: Rheumatoid arthritis - While it can affect the heart, it is not a direct cause of valvular stenosis.

7. **Conclusion**: Based on the evaluation of the options, the correct answer is **Option A: Rheumatic fever**, as it is a recognized cause of heart valvular stenosis.

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