Which of the following plants is not `C_4` - plant ?

Options

A. Saccharum munja
B. Triticum vulgare
C. Zea mays
D. Euphorbia splendens

Answer

To determine which of the following plants is not a C4 plant, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand C4 Plants**:
- C4 plants are characterized by a specific anatomical arrangement known as "Kranz anatomy." In this arrangement, mesophyll cells are organized around bundle sheath cells.
- In C4 plants, carbon dioxide fixation occurs in the mesophyll cells, while the enzyme RuBisCO, which is responsible for the Calvin cycle, operates in the bundle sheath cells. This separation helps to minimize photorespiration.

2. **Review the Options**:
- We need to analyze each of the provided options to identify which one is not a C4 plant.
- The options given are:
- A) Cicaramunja (a wild grass)
- B) Triticum vulgare (common wheat)
- C) Zea mays (maize)
- D) Euphorbia splendens

3. **Identify C4 Plants**:
- From the options, we know:
- Cicaramunja: This is a wild grass and can be a C4 plant.
- Triticum vulgare: This is common wheat, which is a C3 plant, not a C4 plant.
- Zea mays: This is maize, which is a well-known C4 plant.
- Euphorbia splendens: This is a succulent plant that exhibits CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) photosynthesis, not C4.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Among the options, Triticum vulgare (common wheat) and Euphorbia splendens are not C4 plants. However, since the question asks for one specific plant that is not a C4 plant, the best answer is **Euphorbia splendens**, as it is specifically known for its CAM pathway.

### Final Answer:
**Euphorbia splendens** is not a C4 plant.