Pick out the correct statement from the following in relation to autosomal syndromes

Options

A. Cri -du-chat syndrome is considered as complete monosomy
B. Edwards syndrome occurs only in males
C. Affected individuals in Patau syndrome are characterised by micropthalmia
D. Chronic myelogenous leukemia is due to trisomy

Answer

To solve the question regarding autosomal syndromes, we need to evaluate the provided statements and determine which one is correct. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution:

### Step 1: Analyze the First Option
- **Statement**: Cri du chat syndrome is considered as complete monosomy.
- **Evaluation**: Cri du chat syndrome is actually caused by a partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 5, which means it is classified as partial monosomy, not complete monosomy.
- **Conclusion**: This statement is incorrect.

### Step 2: Analyze the Second Option
- **Statement**: Edward syndrome occurs only in males.
- **Evaluation**: Edward syndrome, also known as trisomy 18, affects both males and females. It is not limited to one gender.
- **Conclusion**: This statement is incorrect.

### Step 3: Analyze the Third Option
- **Statement**: Affected individuals in Patau syndrome are characterized by microcephaly.
- **Evaluation**: Patau syndrome, or trisomy 13, is indeed characterized by various abnormalities, including microcephaly (which is an abnormal smallness of the head). This statement correctly describes a characteristic of Patau syndrome.
- **Conclusion**: This statement is correct.

### Step 4: Analyze the Fourth Option
- **Statement**: Chronic myelogenous leukemia is due to trisomy.
- **Evaluation**: Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is not caused by trisomy; it is associated with a specific genetic abnormality known as the Philadelphia chromosome, which results from a translocation of genetic material between chromosomes 9 and 22.
- **Conclusion**: This statement is incorrect.

### Final Conclusion
After evaluating all the options, the correct statement in relation to autosomal syndromes is:
- **Correct Answer**: Affected individuals in Patau syndrome are characterized by microcephaly.

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