Action potentials are generated due to

Options

A. out flux of `K^(+)`
B. influx of `K^(+)`
C. influx of `Na^(+)`
D. outflux of `Na^(+)`

Answer

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Understanding Action Potentials**: Action potentials are rapid changes in the membrane potential of a neuron that occur when a stimulus causes the neuron to become depolarized. This is a short-lasting event that is crucial for the transmission of signals in the nervous system.

2. **Role of Ion Channels**: The generation of action potentials primarily involves the movement of ions across the neuron's membrane. The two key ions involved are sodium (Na⁺) and potassium (K⁺).

3. **Depolarization Phase**: The action potential begins at the axon hillock, where depolarization occurs. This depolarization is initiated by the opening of sodium channels.

4. **Influx of Sodium Ions**: When the sodium channels open, sodium ions (Na⁺) flow into the neuron. This movement of sodium ions into the cell is referred to as "influx." The influx of Na⁺ ions causes the inside of the neuron to become more positive relative to the outside, leading to depolarization.

5. **Repolarization Phase**: Following depolarization, potassium channels open, allowing potassium ions (K⁺) to flow out of the neuron. This movement of K⁺ ions out of the cell is known as "outflux." The outflux of potassium helps to return the membrane potential back to its resting state, a process known as repolarization.

6. **Conclusion**: The generation of action potentials is primarily due to the influx of sodium ions into the neuron. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that action potentials are generated due to the influx of sodium ions.

**Final Answer**: Action potentials are generated due to the influx of sodium ions.

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