Splitting of spectral lines under the influence of strong magnetic field is called

Options

A. Stark effect
B. Zeeman effect
C. Photoelectric effect
D. None of these

Answer

To solve the question regarding the splitting of spectral lines under the influence of a strong magnetic field, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Spectral Lines**: Spectral lines are produced when electrons transition between energy levels in an atom. These transitions emit or absorb light at specific wavelengths, resulting in distinct lines in a spectrum.

2. **Influence of External Fields**: When a strong magnetic field is applied to a substance, it can affect the energy levels of the electrons. This interaction can cause the spectral lines to split into multiple components.

3. **Identifying the Effect**: The phenomenon of splitting spectral lines in the presence of a strong magnetic field is known as the **Zeeman Effect**. This effect occurs due to the interaction between the magnetic field and the magnetic moment associated with the angular momentum of the electrons.

4. **Comparison with Electric Field**: It’s also important to note that if the splitting occurs due to a strong electric field, it is referred to as the **Stark Effect**. However, since the question specifically asks about a magnetic field, we focus on the Zeeman Effect.

5. **Final Answer**: Therefore, the splitting of spectral lines under the influence of a strong magnetic field is called the **Zeeman Effect**.