Ethyl hydrogen sulphate is obtained by reaction of `H_(2)SO_(4)` on

Options

A. Ethylene
B. Ethane
C. Ethyl chloride
D. Ethanol

Answer

To determine how ethyl hydrogen sulfate is obtained by the reaction of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
We start with ethanol, which has the chemical formula CH₃CH₂OH. This is the alcohol that will react with sulfuric acid.

### Step 2: Protonation of Ethanol
When ethanol reacts with sulfuric acid, the first step involves the protonation of the hydroxyl (-OH) group. The oxygen in the -OH group has lone pairs of electrons, which can attack a hydrogen ion (H⁺) from sulfuric acid.

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{OH} + \text{H}^+ \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{OH}_2^+ \]

### Step 3: Formation of Carbocation
After the protonation, the -OH group becomes -OH₂⁺, which is a good leaving group. This leads to the loss of a water molecule (H₂O), resulting in the formation of a carbocation.

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{OH}_2^+ \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2^+ + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]

### Step 4: Nucleophilic Attack by HSO₄⁻
The bisulfate ion (HSO₄⁻) from sulfuric acid can now attack the carbocation formed in the previous step. This results in the formation of ethyl hydrogen sulfate.

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2^+ + \text{HSO}_4^- \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{HSO}_4 \]

### Step 5: Final Product
The final product of this reaction is ethyl hydrogen sulfate, which has the chemical formula CH₃CH₂HSO₄.

### Conclusion
Thus, ethyl hydrogen sulfate is obtained by the reaction of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) with ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH).

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