The immunity that one receives from their mother both pre-natal and post-natal is referred to as

Options

A. passive natural
B. passive artificial
C. active natural
D. active artificial

Answer

To solve the question regarding the type of immunity that one receives from their mother both pre-natal and post-natal, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Immunity**:
- Immunity is the body's ability to resist diseases, which can be achieved through the immune system's response to pathogens or through the transfer of antibodies.

**Hint**: Remember that immunity can be classified into two main types: active and passive.

2. **Types of Immunity**:
- **Active Immunity**: This occurs when an individual is exposed to a pathogen and their immune system responds by producing antibodies. This can happen naturally (through infection) or artificially (through vaccination).
- **Passive Immunity**: This is when antibodies are transferred from one individual to another, providing immediate but temporary protection.

**Hint**: Differentiate between active and passive immunity based on whether the body produces its own antibodies or receives them from another source.

3. **Prenatal and Postnatal Immunity**:
- During the last trimester of pregnancy, a mother transfers antibodies (specifically IgG and IgE) to her fetus through the placenta. This is a form of passive immunity because the antibodies are pre-formed and not produced by the fetus.
- After birth, mothers can also provide antibodies through breast milk, which continues to offer passive immunity to the newborn.

**Hint**: Focus on how antibodies are transferred from mother to child and the timing of this transfer.

4. **Identifying the Correct Option**:
- The question asks for the type of immunity received from the mother both before and after birth. Since the antibodies are transferred and not produced by the baby, this is classified as passive immunity.
- Since this transfer occurs naturally (from mother to child), it is referred to as "natural passive immunity."

**Hint**: Look for keywords in the question that indicate the source of immunity (mother) and the nature of the transfer (natural).

5. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the immunity that one receives from their mother both pre-natal and post-natal is referred to as **passive natural immunity**.

### Final Answer:
The immunity that one receives from their mother both pre-natal and post-natal is referred to as **passive natural immunity**.