Which of the following test is essential before undertaking organ transplantation ?

Options

A. Blood group typing
B. Tissue matching
C. Rh compatibility
D. Allergic tendencies

Answer

To determine which test is essential before undertaking organ transplantation, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Context of Organ Transplantation
Organ transplantation involves transferring an organ from one body (donor) to another (recipient). This process requires careful consideration to ensure that the recipient's body accepts the new organ.

### Step 2: Identify the Tests Related to Organ Transplantation
There are several tests that can be performed before organ transplantation, including:
- Blood group typing (ABO typing)
- Tissue matching (HLA typing)
- Crossmatching
- Compatibility tests

### Step 3: Evaluate the Importance of Each Test
- **Blood Group Typing**: This test is important to ensure that the donor and recipient have compatible blood types, but it is not the only factor in successful transplantation.
- **Tissue Matching**: This test assesses the compatibility of the donor's and recipient's human leukocyte antigens (HLA). This is crucial because the immune system may reject an organ that is not recognized as "self."
- **Crossmatching**: This test checks for pre-existing antibodies in the recipient that may react against the donor's tissue.
- **Compatibility Tests**: These tests ensure that the organ will function properly in the recipient’s body.

### Step 4: Determine the Most Essential Test
Among these tests, tissue matching is considered the most essential before undertaking organ transplantation. It plays a significant role in minimizing the risk of organ rejection.

### Conclusion
The essential test before undertaking organ transplantation is **tissue matching**.

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