During the process of ecological succession

Options

A. Species diversity decreases
B. Structural complexity decreases
C. Niche become specialised
D. Food chain relationship becomes simple

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand Ecological Succession**:
- Ecological succession refers to the gradual process of change and replacement in the species composition of an ecosystem over time. It typically starts in a barren environment where no life exists and progresses to a more complex ecosystem.

**Hint**: Remember that ecological succession involves changes in species and complexity over time.

2. **Identify Pioneer Species**:
- The first organisms to colonize a barren area are known as pioneer species. These species are usually simple and can survive in harsh conditions. As time progresses, these pioneers create conditions that allow more complex species to thrive.

**Hint**: Think about which organisms are the first to appear in a new environment.

3. **Increase in Species Diversity**:
- As succession progresses, the diversity of species increases. Initially, the ecosystem may have only a few species, but as conditions improve, more species can inhabit the area, leading to greater biodiversity.

**Hint**: Consider how new species can enter an ecosystem as it becomes more hospitable.

4. **Increase in Structural Complexity**:
- Along with species diversity, the structural complexity of the ecosystem also increases. This means that the physical structure of the ecosystem becomes more intricate, with various layers and interactions among species.

**Hint**: Visualize how a simple ecosystem can evolve into a complex one with different layers and habitats.

5. **Niche Specialization**:
- As succession continues, the niches (roles and positions of species within their environment) become more specialized. This means that different species adapt to specific roles within the ecosystem, leading to more efficient resource use.

**Hint**: Think about how different species might adapt to occupy different roles in a community.

6. **Food Chain Complexity**:
- As more species are added and niches become specialized, the food chain becomes more complex. More interactions among species lead to a more intricate web of relationships, rather than a simple food chain.

**Hint**: Consider how adding more species affects the interactions within the ecosystem.

7. **Evaluate the Options**:
- Based on the understanding of ecological succession:
- **Species diversity decreases**: Incorrect, as diversity increases.
- **Structural complexity decreases**: Incorrect, as complexity increases.
- **Niche becomes specialized**: Correct, niches become more specialized.
- **Food chain relationship becomes simple**: Incorrect, as relationships become more complex.

**Hint**: Cross-check each option against what you know about ecological succession.

8. **Conclusion**:
- The correct statement regarding ecological succession is that the niche becomes specialized.

**Final Answer**: The correct option is that the niche becomes specialized.