Cell organelles which are not included in the endomembrane system of a cell are

Options

A. Mitochondria
B. Peroxisome
C. Chloroplast
D. All the above

Answer

To answer the question regarding which cell organelles are not included in the endomembrane system of a cell, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Endomembrane System**: The endomembrane system consists of a group of membranes and organelles that work together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins. Key components include the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vacuoles.

2. **Identify the Organelles in the Question**: The organelles mentioned in the question are:
- Mitochondria
- Peroxisomes
- Chloroplasts

3. **Determine Which Organelles Are Part of the Endomembrane System**:
- **Mitochondria**: These are not part of the endomembrane system. They are involved in energy production (ATP synthesis) and have their own double membrane.
- **Peroxisomes**: These organelles are also not part of the endomembrane system. They are involved in lipid metabolism and the detoxification of harmful substances.
- **Chloroplasts**: Like mitochondria, chloroplasts are not part of the endomembrane system. They are involved in photosynthesis and also have a double membrane.

4. **Conclusion**: Since all three organelles listed (mitochondria, peroxisomes, and chloroplasts) are not included in the endomembrane system, the correct answer is "all of the above."

### Final Answer:
The cell organelles which are not included in the endomembrane system of a cell are:
**All of the above (Mitochondria, Peroxisomes, Chloroplasts)**.

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