Acid rain causes

Options

A. destruction of forests
B. gradual killing of lakes
C. killing fish
D. All of the above

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Acid Rain**:
- Acid rain is a type of precipitation that contains high levels of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. These acids are formed when sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are released into the atmosphere.

2. **Sources of Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides**:
- The main sources of SO2 and NOx include industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, and burning fossil fuels. These gases enter the atmosphere and can react with water vapor.

3. **Formation of Acids**:
- When SO2 and NOx mix with water vapor in the atmosphere, they undergo chemical reactions to form sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3). This process is facilitated by the presence of other chemicals and oxygen.

4. **Precipitation of Acid Rain**:
- The resulting sulfuric acid and nitric acid are then carried by clouds and eventually fall to the ground as acid rain. This rain is more acidic than normal rainwater.

5. **Effects of Acid Rain**:
- Acid rain has several harmful effects on the environment:
- **Destruction of Forests**: The acidity can damage leaves and bark, leading to forest degradation.
- **Killing of Lakes**: Acid rain lowers the pH of lakes and ponds, making them inhospitable for aquatic life.
- **Killing of Fishes**: The increased acidity can lead to the death of fish and other aquatic organisms due to toxic conditions.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, acid rain causes destruction of forests, gradual killing of lakes, and killing of fishes. The correct answer to the question is "all of the above".