Which of the following methods involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary dsRNA molecule that binds to and prevents translation of the mRNA (silencing)

Options

A. RNA interference
B. Gene therapy
C. ELISA
D. PCR

Answer

To answer the question regarding which method involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary double-stranded RNA molecule that binds to and prevents translation of the mRNA, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question is asking for a method that silences specific mRNA. This means we are looking for a process that inhibits the expression of a gene at the mRNA level.

**Hint**: Focus on the terms "silencing" and "specific mRNA" to narrow down the methods.

2. **Identifying Key Terms**: The key terms in the question are "complementary dsRNA" and "prevents translation." This indicates that we are dealing with a mechanism that involves RNA molecules.

**Hint**: Think about RNA molecules that can bind to mRNA and inhibit its function.

3. **Recalling Relevant Biological Processes**: One well-known process that fits this description is RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi involves small interfering RNA (siRNA) or microRNA (miRNA) that can bind to complementary mRNA sequences.

**Hint**: Recall the role of siRNA and miRNA in gene regulation.

4. **Understanding RNA Interference**: In RNA interference, the complementary dsRNA binds to the target mRNA, leading to its degradation or preventing its translation. This effectively silences the expression of the gene corresponding to that mRNA.

**Hint**: Consider how the binding of dsRNA affects the stability and translation of mRNA.

5. **Evaluating Other Options**: The other options provided are gene therapy, ELISA, and PCR:
- **Gene Therapy**: Involves modifying genes but does not specifically refer to silencing mRNA.
- **ELISA**: A technique for detecting proteins, not related to mRNA silencing.
- **PCR**: A method for amplifying DNA, not for silencing mRNA.

**Hint**: Eliminate options that do not directly relate to mRNA silencing.

6. **Conclusion**: Based on the understanding of RNA interference and the elimination of other options, the correct answer is RNA interference.

**Final Answer**: The method that involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary dsRNA molecule is **RNA interference**.