Which of the following bacterium is used to produce human insulin chains

Options

A. Esherichia coli
B. Bacillus theringiensis
C. Bacillus licheniformis
D. Lacto bacillus

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks which bacterium is used to produce human insulin chains. This implies that we need to identify a specific bacterium that has been genetically modified for this purpose.

2. **Identifying the Bacterium**: Among the various bacteria, *Escherichia coli* (commonly known as E. coli) is frequently used in biotechnology. It is a well-studied organism that can be genetically engineered.

3. **Genetic Engineering Process**: The process of producing human insulin involves recombinant DNA technology. This means that the gene responsible for producing insulin in humans is extracted and inserted into the E. coli bacterium.

4. **Insulin Production**: Once the insulin gene is successfully integrated into the E. coli, the bacterium can then produce insulin. The insulin produced in this way is referred to as "humulin," which is a form of human insulin.

5. **Clinical Use**: The humulin produced by genetically engineered E. coli is used for clinical purposes, particularly in the treatment of diabetes.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the bacterium used to produce human insulin chains is *Escherichia coli* (E. coli).

**Final Answer**: The bacterium used to produce human insulin chains is *Escherichia coli* (E. coli).

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