Which of the following is/are considered as application(s) of biotechnology?
I) Waste treatment
II) Energy production
III) Bioremediation
IV) Processed food
V) Genetically modified crops for agriculture
VI) Diagnostics
VII) Therapeutics
Choose the correct option.

Options

A. I, II, III, IV and V.
B. III, V, VI and VII
C. I, II, III, V and VII
D. All of these

Answer

To determine which of the following options are considered applications of biotechnology, we will analyze each option step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Waste Treatment**:
- Biotechnology is used in waste treatment to manipulate microorganisms that degrade waste materials. This process accelerates the breakdown of waste, making it an application of biotechnology.
- **Conclusion**: Yes, waste treatment is an application of biotechnology.

2. **Energy Production**:
- Biotechnology contributes to energy production, particularly through the use of microorganisms that can produce biofuels or petroleum as by-products. This indicates that biotechnology plays a role in energy production.
- **Conclusion**: Yes, energy production is an application of biotechnology.

3. **Bioremediation**:
- Bioremediation involves using living organisms, often microorganisms, to clean up contaminated environments, such as those polluted by plastics. This process is a clear application of biotechnology.
- **Conclusion**: Yes, bioremediation is an application of biotechnology.

4. **Processed Food**:
- The food industry utilizes biotechnology for various processes, including the production of cheese and wine, which require specific microbial actions. Thus, processed food is also an application of biotechnology.
- **Conclusion**: Yes, processed food is an application of biotechnology.

5. **Genetically Modified Crops for Agriculture**:
- The development of genetically modified crops, such as BT cotton, is a significant application of biotechnology aimed at improving agricultural yield and pest resistance.
- **Conclusion**: Yes, genetically modified crops for agriculture are an application of biotechnology.

6. **Diagnostics**:
- Biotechnology is essential in diagnostics, such as the use of PCR tests to identify diseases like COVID-19. This demonstrates the application of biotechnology in medical diagnostics.
- **Conclusion**: Yes, diagnostics are an application of biotechnology.

7. **Therapeutics**:
- Therapeutics, including the production of genetically engineered drugs like insulin (humulin), are a crucial application of biotechnology in medicine.
- **Conclusion**: Yes, therapeutics are an application of biotechnology.

### Final Conclusion:
All the options listed (I through VII) are applications of biotechnology. Therefore, the correct answer is that all of these options are considered applications of biotechnology.