On what conservation principles the first and the second laws of Kirchhoff are based?

Explanation

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Kirchhoff's First Law**: Kirchhoff's First Law, also known as the Current Law (KCL), states that the total current entering a junction must equal the total current leaving the junction. Mathematically, this can be expressed as:
\[ I_{\text{in}} = I_{\text{out}} \]
where \(I_{\text{in}}\) is the sum of all incoming currents and \(I_{\text{out}}\) is the sum of all outgoing currents.

...