(a) Given chemical tests to distinguish between the following :
(i) Benzoic and ethyl benzoate.
(ii) Benzaldehy and acetophanone.
(b) Complete each synthesis by giving missing regents or products in following.
(i)
(ii) `C_(6)H_(3)CHO overset(H_(2)NCONHNH_(2)) to `
(iii)

Explanation

(a) (i) Benzoic acid and ethyl benzoate: These two componunds can be distinguished by the following tests:
`to NaHCO_(3)` test: Benzoic acid being an acids prouduces brisk effervescene with `NaHCO_(3)` solution while ethylbenzote does not.
`underset("Benzoic acid")(C_(6)H_(5)COOC_(2)H_(5))+ NaHCO_(3) to underset("Sod. formate")(C_(6)H_(5)COONa + CO_(2) uarr H_(2))`
`to `Indoform test