Diseases caused by protein deficiency

Options

A. Kwashiorkor
B. Marasmus
C. Both (1) and (2)
D. Neither (1) nor (2)

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Protein Deficiency**:
- Protein deficiency occurs when the intake of protein is insufficient to meet the body's needs. This can lead to various health issues, particularly in children.

2. **Identifying Diseases Caused by Protein Deficiency**:
- The two primary diseases associated with protein deficiency are **Kwashiorkor** and **Marasmus**.

3. **Kwashiorkor**:
- Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition that occurs when there is a deficiency of protein in the diet, despite adequate caloric intake.
- Symptoms include a swollen abdomen (due to edema), stunted growth, and changes in skin and hair color. It is most common in children who are weaned off breast milk and do not receive enough protein-rich foods.

4. **Marasmus**:
- Marasmus is another form of malnutrition that results from a severe deficiency of both protein and calories.
- It typically affects infants and young children, leading to extreme weight loss, muscle wasting, and a frail appearance. Symptoms include a thin, emaciated body and a lack of energy.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Both Kwashiorkor and Marasmus are diseases caused by protein deficiency. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is **Option C: Both 1 and 2**.