Explain geometrical isomerism in Co-ordination compounds giving suitable examples.

Explanation

Stereo isomers have the same chemical formula and chemical bonds but they have different special arrangment.
Geometrical isomerism : This type of isomerism arises in heteroleptic complexes due to different possible geometic arrange-ments of the ligands.
In square planar complexes of formula `MX_(2)L_(2)`, the two ligands X may be arranged adjacent to each other in a cis isomer or opposite to each other in a trans isomer.

Octahedral complexes of formula `[MX_(2)L_(4)]` in which two ligands X may be oriented cis or trans to each other.

Tetrahedral complexes do not show geometrical isomerism because the relative positions of the unidentate ligands attached to the central atom are the smae with respect to each other.