Explain the Grignard reagents preparation and application with suitable example.

Explanation

Alkyl magnesium halides R MgX are called Girgnard regents.
Preparation : Grignard reagents are prepared by the reaction of alkylhalides with magnesium metal in dry ether.
For example, ethylbromide reacts with magnesium metal in dry ether to give ethyl magnesium bromide.
`{:(C_(2)H_(5)Br+Mg overset(" dry ether ")(to)C_(2)H_(5)Mg Br),(" Ethyl bromide "" Ethyl magnesium bromide (Grignard reagent)"):}`
Applications of Grignard reagents : Grignard reagents are highly reactive and enter into reaction with wide variety of substrates yielding many types of organic compounds.
Ex : Reaction with active with active hydrogen com-pounds. Grignard reagents react with alcohols, water, ammonia, amines etc, to form a hydrocarbon corresponding to the alkyl group of the Grignard reagent.
`{:(C_(2)H_(5)MgBr+H_(2)O to C_(2)H_(6)+Mg),(" Ethyl magnesium bromide "" Ethane "):}`