Give an account of Synaptic transmission.

Explanation

The functional junction formed between two neurons, is called synapse. In a chemical synapse, the presynaptic.neuron synthesizes the neurotransmitter and stores in the synaptic vesicles of synaptic terminals
When an action potential reaches a synaptic terminal it depolarizes the membrane By this voltage gated calcium channels open. The rise is the `Ca^(2+)` concentration leads to the release of neurotransmitters by exocytosis. The neuro transmitter diffuses across the synaptic cleft The postsynaptic membrane has ligandgated in channels. Binding of the neurotransmitter to a receptor of the channel opens the channel and allows specific ions to diffuse across the postsynaptic membrane: It results in a postsynoptic membrane potential. .Excitatory neurotransmitters. depolarize the postsynaptic membrane while inhibitory neurotransmitters cause hyperpolarization of post synaptic membrane
Acetylcholine is the most common neurotransmitter. It may. be excitatory or inhibitory, Gama aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine are the inhibitory neurotransmitters