Explain the factors favourable for the formation of Ionic Compounds.

Explanation

Factors that favour the formation of ionic bond:
a) Factors favourable for the cation formation :
i) Low IP: Atom with low IP loses electrons readily. So it forms cations readily.
ii) Low charge on the ion : Formation.of an ion with low charge requires lower IP than formation of an ion with high charge.
iii) Large atomic size: The force of attraction between the nucleus and the valence electrons is less in case of larger atoms than in case of smaller atoms. So larger atoms can lose electrons more readily than smaller atoms.
iv) Formation of cation with inert gas configuration : Cations. with inert gas configuration are easily formed.
b) Factors favourable for anion formation : i) High EN and high EA: An atom with high EN and high EA has a greater tendency to accept electrons and so it can readily form anion .
ii) Small atomic size : Small atoms can hold strongly the electrons gained by it.
iii) Low charge on the ion :Stability ofion decreases with increase in its charge. Anion with low - ve charge is formed more readily than anion with high -ve charge.