(a) White the steps involved in the extraction of pure metals in the middle of the activity series from their carbonate ores.
(b) How is copper extracted from its sulphuric ore ?Explain the variour steps supported by chemical equations. Draw labelled diagram from the electrolytic refining of copper.

Explanation

Sulphide ore of copper is heated in air
`2Cu_(2)S + 3O_(2) rarr 2Cu_(2)O + 2SO_(2)`
`2Cu_(2)O + Cu_(2)S rarr 6Cu + SO_(2)`
(Note : Full marks to be awarded even when only equations are written)
Detailed Answer :
In the extraction of copper from its Sulphide Ore, when ore is subjected to roasting, some of it is oxidised to `Cu_(2)O` which reacts with the remaining `Cu_(2)S` to give copper metal. In this process, `Cu_(2)S` behaves as reducing agent.
`2Cu_(2)S + 3O_(2) rarr 2Cu_(2)O(s) + 2SO_(2)(g)`
`2Cu_(2)O + Cu_(2)S rarr 6Cu(s) + SO_(2)(g)`
In electrolytic of copper, the impurities left behind at anode called anode mud contains valuable metals such as gold and silver which can be recovered in the native state.