Draw inferences for the following pairs of statements:
Some pencils are torches.
No books are pencils.

Explanation

Step I: The common term .pencils. is a subject in one sentence and a predicate in the other. Hence, changing the order of the statements is sufficient to align the two sentences Consequently, the aligned pair will be
No Books are pencils.
Some pencils are torches.
Stpe II : `E+I=O^(**)` . As we know, `O^(**)` means that the conclustion of tye O but the subject of the conclustion is the predicat of the second sentences and the predicate of the conclusion is the subject of the first sentence. hence inference is :
Some torches are not books.