Sutton and Boveri conducted experiments to understand the pattern of inheritance of traits in organisms.
Which among the following statements was /were understood as result of experiments by Sutton and Boveri?
1: Genes are located on homologous chromosomes.
2: All genes on the same chromosome are linked.
3: Genes on homologous chromosomes get separated during anaphase of meiotic division.
4: Frequency of gene pairs on the same chromosome is a measure of the distance between the genes.

Options

A. only 1
B. only 1 and 3
C. only 2,3 and 4
D. only 1,3 and 4

Answer

To solve the question regarding the results of the experiments conducted by Sutton and Boveri, we will analyze each of the provided statements one by one.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Statement 1: Genes are located on homologous chromosomes.**
- Sutton and Boveri's experiments provided evidence that genes are indeed located on chromosomes, and homologous chromosomes contain the same genes at corresponding loci. Therefore, this statement is **correct**.

2. **Statement 2: All genes on the same chromosome are linked.**
- While genes on the same chromosome can be linked, not all genes are linked due to the possibility of recombination during meiosis. Therefore, this statement is **incorrect**.

3. **Statement 3: Genes on homologous chromosomes get separated during anaphase of meiotic division.**
- During meiosis, specifically in anaphase I, homologous chromosomes are separated into different gametes. This statement is **correct**.

4. **Statement 4: Frequency of gene pairs on the same chromosome is a measure of the distance between the genes.**
- The frequency of recombination between genes is used to map their distance on a chromosome, not the frequency of gene pairs. Therefore, this statement is **incorrect**.

### Summary of Correct Statements:
- Correct Statements: 1 and 3
- Incorrect Statements: 2 and 4

### Final Answer:
The statements understood as a result of the experiments by Sutton and Boveri are:
- **1: Genes are located on homologous chromosomes.**
- **3: Genes on homologous chromosomes get separated during anaphase of meiotic division.**

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