Two statements are given - one labeled Assertion (A) and the other labeled Reason (R).
Assertion: RNA polymerases are able to catalyse all three steps of translation. Reason: RNA polymerases contain an initiation factor and a termination factor in them.
Which of the following is correct?

Options

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of the assertion.
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
C. A is true, but R is false.
D. A is false, but R is true.

Answer

To analyze the given statements, let's break down the assertion and reason step by step.

### Step 1: Understand the Assertion
The assertion states that "RNA polymerases are able to catalyze all three steps of translation."

**Analysis**:
- RNA polymerases are enzymes that primarily function in the process of transcription, not translation.
- Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using mRNA as a template, which involves initiation, elongation, and termination steps.
- Therefore, the assertion is **false** because RNA polymerases do not catalyze translation; they are involved in transcription.

### Step 2: Understand the Reason
The reason states that "RNA polymerases contain an initiation factor and a termination factor in them."

**Analysis**:
- RNA polymerases do indeed require initiation factors to start transcription, and they also have mechanisms to terminate transcription.
- In prokaryotes, the sigma factor is associated with RNA polymerase for initiation, and there are specific sequences in the DNA that signal termination.
- Therefore, the reason is **true** because RNA polymerases do involve initiation and termination factors, although these are not part of the polymerase itself but are necessary for its function.

### Conclusion
- The assertion is **false**.
- The reason is **true**.

Thus, the correct answer to the question is that the assertion is false, and the reason is true.

### Final Answer
The correct option is that the assertion is false, and the reason is true.

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