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In the absence of an external electric f...

In the absence of an external electric field, the dipole moment of polar substance is ?

A

Negative

B

Zero

C

Positive

D

May be positive or negative

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To solve the question regarding the dipole moment of a polar substance in the absence of an external electric field, we can break it down into the following steps: ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding Dipole Moment**: - A dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges in a system. In a polar substance, molecules have permanent dipole moments due to the uneven distribution of electron density. 2. **Behavior of Dipoles in Absence of External Field**: - In the absence of an external electric field, the dipoles in a polar substance are randomly oriented. This means that the direction of each dipole moment can point in any direction. 3. **Net Dipole Moment Calculation**: - When dipoles are randomly oriented, the individual dipole moments will cancel each other out. For example, if one dipole points in one direction, there is likely another dipole that points in the opposite direction, leading to cancellation. 4. **Conclusion on Net Dipole Moment**: - Since the random orientations of the dipoles lead to cancellation, the net dipole moment of the polar substance in the absence of an external electric field is zero. 5. **Final Answer**: - Therefore, the dipole moment of a polar substance in the absence of an external electric field is **zero**.
To solve the question regarding the dipole moment of a polar substance in the absence of an external electric field, we can break it down into the following steps: ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding Dipole Moment**: - A dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative charges in a system. In a polar substance, molecules have permanent dipole moments due to the uneven distribution of electron density. 2. **Behavior of Dipoles in Absence of External Field**: ...
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