Which of the following enzymes remove supercooling in replicating DNA ahead of the replication fork

Options

A. DNA polymerases
B. Helicases
C. Primases
D. Topoisomerases

Answer

To solve the question "Which of the following enzymes removes supercoiling in replicating DNA ahead of the replication fork?", we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Context**:
- DNA replication involves the unwinding of the double helix structure to allow the replication machinery to access the strands. This unwinding creates tension and supercoiling ahead of the replication fork.

2. **Identify the Role of Enzymes**:
- During DNA replication, certain enzymes are responsible for managing the supercoiling that occurs as the DNA unwinds.

3. **Recognize the Specific Enzyme**:
- The enzyme that specifically removes supercoiling is called **topoisomerase**.

4. **Explain the Function of Topoisomerase**:
- Topoisomerase works by cleaving the DNA strands, which allows it to relieve torsional stress and untangle the DNA. This action prevents the DNA from becoming overly twisted and ensures smooth progression of the replication fork.

5. **Conclude the Answer**:
- Therefore, the enzyme that removes supercoiling in replicating DNA ahead of the replication fork is **topoisomerase**.

### Final Answer:
Topoisomerase is the enzyme that removes supercoiling in replicating DNA ahead of the replication fork.

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