A rapid decline in which of the following is not associated with a rise in population ?

Options

A. Death rate
B. Maternal mortality rate (MMR)
C. Infant mortality rate
D. Ferility

Answer

To solve the question, "A rapid decline in which of the following is not associated with a rise in population?" we need to analyze the options provided:

1. **Death Rate**: A decline in death rate generally leads to an increase in population because fewer people are dying.

2. **Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR)**: A decline in maternal mortality rate indicates that fewer mothers are dying during childbirth, which can also contribute to population growth.

3. **Infant Mortality Rate**: A decline in infant mortality rate means that more infants are surviving, which again contributes to an increase in population.

4. **Fertility**: A decline in fertility means that fewer children are being born. This would not be associated with a rise in population; in fact, it would likely lead to a decline in population over time.

Based on this analysis, the correct answer to the question is **Fertility** (Option D). A rapid decline in fertility is not associated with a rise in population.

### Step-by-Step Solution:
1. **Identify the factors affecting population**: Understand how death rate, maternal mortality rate, infant mortality rate, and fertility influence population growth.

2. **Analyze each option**:
- **Death Rate**: Decline leads to population rise.
- **Maternal Mortality Rate**: Decline leads to population rise.
- **Infant Mortality Rate**: Decline leads to population rise.
- **Fertility**: Decline leads to population decline.

3. **Conclude the answer**: Since a decline in fertility does not lead to an increase in population, the answer is **Fertility (Option D)**.