The action of sodium on alky halide to form an alkane is called:

Options

A. Grignard reaction
B. Wurtz coupling reaction
C. Isocyanide reaction
D. Halogenation reaction

Answer

To solve the question regarding the action of sodium on alkyl halides to form an alkane, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Reactants**:
- We start with an alkyl halide, which can be represented as R-X, where R is the alkyl group and X is the halogen (like Cl, Br, or I).
- Sodium (Na) is the metal that will react with the alkyl halide.

2. **Identifying the Reaction**:
- The reaction involves the coupling of two alkyl halides in the presence of sodium. This is known as the Wurtz reaction.
- The general reaction can be represented as:
\[ 2 \text{R-X} + 2 \text{Na} \rightarrow \text{R-R} + 2 \text{NaX} \]
- Here, R-R represents the alkane formed, and NaX is the sodium halide byproduct.

3. **Conditions of the Reaction**:
- This reaction typically requires dry ether as a solvent to prevent the reaction from being affected by moisture.
- The dry ether helps to stabilize the alkyl radicals formed during the reaction.

4. **Conclusion**:
- The action of sodium on alkyl halides to form an alkane is specifically referred to as the **Wurtz reaction**.

### Final Answer:
The action of sodium on alkyl halides to form an alkane is called the **Wurtz reaction**.

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