Drift velocity of electrons is due to :

Options

A. Motion of conduction electrons due to random collisions.
B. motion of conduction electrons due to electric field E.
C. repulsion to the conduction electrons due to inner electrons of ions.
D. collision of conductor electrons with each other.

Answer

To solve the question regarding the drift velocity of electrons, we need to understand the concept of drift velocity and the factors that contribute to it. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:

### Step 1: Understanding Drift Velocity
Drift velocity is defined as the average velocity that a charge carrier, such as an electron, attains due to an electric field in a conducting medium. It is not the same as the random thermal motion of electrons.

**Hint:** Remember that drift velocity is a result of the influence of an electric field, not random motion.

### Step 2: Identifying the Cause of Drift Velocity
When a potential difference is applied across a conductor, an electric field is established. This electric field exerts a force on the conduction electrons, causing them to accelerate in the direction opposite to the electric field (since electrons are negatively charged).

**Hint:** Think about how an electric field affects charged particles in a conductor.

### Step 3: Role of Collisions
As the conduction electrons move under the influence of the electric field, they frequently collide with other electrons and the lattice ions of the conductor. These collisions randomize their velocities but do not stop them from having an overall drift in the direction of the electric field.

**Hint:** Consider how collisions affect the motion of electrons and their average velocity.

### Step 4: Conclusion on the Cause of Drift Velocity
The drift velocity of electrons is primarily due to their motion in response to the electric field created by the applied potential difference. While random collisions occur, they do not contribute to the drift; instead, they affect the average speed of the electrons.

**Hint:** Focus on the relationship between electric fields and the motion of charge carriers to determine the correct answer.

### Final Answer
Based on the analysis, the correct answer to the question "Drift velocity of electrons is due to:" is:
**Option 2: Motion of conduction electrons due to electric field.**