Read the passage given below and answer the following question
Crystalline solids have regular ordered arrays of components held together by uniform intermolecular forces, whereas the components of amorphous solids are not arranged in regular arrays, The learning objective of this module is to know the characteristics properties of crystalline and amorphous solids. with few exceptions, the particles that compose a solid material, whether ionic, molecular, covalent, or metallic, are held in place by strong attractive forces between them. When we discuss solids solids, therefore, we consider the positions of the atoms, molecules, or ions, which are essentially fixed in space, rather than their motions(which are most important in liquids and gases)
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Solids have definite
The best photovoltaic material available for the conversion of the sunlight into electricity is

Options

A. Amorphous silica
B. Glass
C. Quartz
D. rubber

Answer

To solve the question regarding the best photovoltaic material for converting sunlight into electricity, we need to analyze the options provided and understand the properties of each material in relation to their ability to absorb sunlight.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Photovoltaic Materials**:
- Photovoltaic materials are substances that can convert sunlight into electricity. The effectiveness of these materials often depends on their ability to absorb specific wavelengths of light.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option 1: Amorphous Silica**: This material is known for its ability to absorb light in the range of around 800 nanometers, which is close to the peak wavelength of sunlight.
- **Option 2: Glass**: While glass can transmit light, it does not effectively convert sunlight into electricity.
- **Option 3: Quartz**: Quartz is a crystalline form of silica, but it is not primarily used as a photovoltaic material.
- **Option 4: Rubber**: Rubber is an insulator and does not have the properties required for converting sunlight into electricity.

3. **Identifying the Best Option**:
- Among the options, **amorphous silica** stands out as the best photovoltaic material because it can effectively absorb sunlight at a wavelength that is close to the peak emission of the sun (around 800 nm).

4. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the best photovoltaic material available for the conversion of sunlight into electricity is **Option 1: Amorphous Silica**.

### Final Answer:
**The best photovoltaic material available for the conversion of sunlight into electricity is Amorphous Silica (Option 1).**

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