State and explain Avogadro's law.

State and explain Avogadro's hypothesis.

(a) State and explain Kirchhoff's law. (b) Describe an experiment to verify it. (c) Give two examples to illustrate Kirochhoff's law.

State and explain Boyle's law. Represent the law graphically.

State and explain Daltan's law of partial pressures. How is the law helpful in calculating the pressures of the gases which are collected over water ?

State : Avogadro's law

State and explain the second law of thermodynamics.

State and explain the first law of thermodynamics. Derive its mathematical form.

State and explain first law of thermodynamics. Discuss the application of first law of thermodynamics to (i) isothermal process, (ii) adiabatic process.

State and explain the second law of thermodynamics. Mention the essential conditions for the spontaneity of a chemical reaction.

State and explain Hess's law of constant heat summation. Illustrate it with examples. Discuss its important applications.