The pathogens of disease can be transferred from infected mother to the fetus through ________ .

Options

A. Kidneys
B. Placenta
C. Ovary
D. Both (A) and (B)

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about how pathogens of disease can be transferred from an infected mother to her fetus.

2. **Identifying the Options**: The options provided are:
- A) Kidney
- B) Placenta
- C) Ovary
- D) Both A and B

3. **Analyzing Each Option**:
- **Kidney**: The kidneys are responsible for filtering blood and producing urine, but they do not play a direct role in transferring pathogens to the fetus.
- **Placenta**: The placenta is an organ that connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall, allowing for nutrient uptake, waste elimination, and gas exchange through the mother's blood supply. It is also responsible for the transfer of pathogens if the mother is infected.
- **Ovary**: The ovaries produce eggs and hormones but do not facilitate the transfer of pathogens to the fetus.
- **Both A and B**: This option suggests that both the kidney and placenta are involved, which is incorrect based on the functions of these organs.

4. **Conclusion**: Since the placenta is the organ that facilitates the transfer of pathogens from an infected mother to her fetus, the correct answer is **B) Placenta**.

**Final Answer**: The pathogens of disease can be transferred from infected mother to the fetus through **placenta**.

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