Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: Petrol condenses near the top of the fractionating column while diesel oil near the middle of the column
Statement 2: Petrol is more volatile than diesel oil.

Options

A. Both statements 1 and 2 are true and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.
B. Both statements 1 and 2 are true but statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1.
C. Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false.
D. Both statements 1 and 2 are false.

Answer

To solve the question, we need to analyze the two statements provided:

**Statement 1:** Petrol condenses near the top of the fractionating column while diesel oil condenses near the middle of the column.

**Statement 2:** Petrol is more volatile than diesel oil.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Fractionating Column:**
- A fractionating column is used in the process of fractional distillation to separate different components of a mixture based on their boiling points.
- In this column, substances with lower boiling points will rise higher and condense at the top, while those with higher boiling points will condense lower down.

2. **Analyzing Statement 1:**
- Petrol has a lower boiling point compared to diesel oil. Therefore, during the distillation process, petrol will rise to the top of the fractionating column and condense there.
- Diesel oil, having a higher boiling point, will condense in the middle of the column.
- **Conclusion for Statement 1:** This statement is correct.

3. **Analyzing Statement 2:**
- Volatility refers to how readily a substance vaporizes. Since petrol has a lower boiling point than diesel oil, it is indeed more volatile.
- This means that petrol will evaporate more easily and condense at a higher point in the column compared to diesel oil.
- **Conclusion for Statement 2:** This statement is also correct.

4. **Determining the Relationship Between the Statements:**
- Statement 2 provides a reason for Statement 1. Since petrol is more volatile, it condenses at the top of the column, while diesel oil, being less volatile, condenses in the middle.
- Therefore, Statement 2 is a correct explanation for Statement 1.

5. **Final Conclusion:**
- Both statements are true, and Statement 2 correctly explains Statement 1.
- The correct option is that both statements are true and Statement 2 is the correct explanation of Statement 1.

### Answer:
The correct option is: Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are true, and Statement 2 is the correct explanation of Statement 1.

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