Certain chemical properties of a substance are given below :
(i) It turns methyl orange red.
(ii) It turns turmeric paper red.
(iii) It reacts with zinc and a gas is evolved.
(iv) It reacts with solid sodium carbonate to give brisk effervescence.
Which of the above properties are shown by dilute sodium hydroxide ?

Options

A. (i) and (ii) only
B. (ii) and (iii) only
C. (i), (iii) and (iv) only
D. (iii) and (iv) only

Explanation

To determine which properties are exhibited by dilute sodium hydroxide (NaOH), let's analyze each of the given properties step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze Property (i)
**Property:** It turns methyl orange red.

**Analysis:** Methyl orange is an acid-base indicator that turns red in acidic solutions and yellow in basic solutions. Since sodium hydroxide is a strong base, it will not turn methyl orange red; instead, it will turn it yellow.

**Conclusion:** This property is **not shown** by dilute sodium hydroxide.

### Step 2: Analyze Property (ii)
**Property:** It turns turmeric paper red.

**Analysis:** Turmeric paper is another pH indicator that is yellow in neutral and acidic conditions but turns red in basic conditions. Since sodium hydroxide is a strong base, it will turn turmeric paper red.

**Conclusion:** This property is **shown** by dilute sodium hydroxide.

### Step 3: Analyze Property (iii)
**Property:** It reacts with zinc and a gas is evolved.

**Analysis:** When sodium hydroxide reacts with zinc, it produces sodium zincate and hydrogen gas. The reaction can be represented as:
\[ \text{2NaOH} + \text{Zn} \rightarrow \text{Na}_2\text{ZnO}_2 + \text{H}_2(g) \]
Since hydrogen gas is evolved in this reaction, this property is true.

**Conclusion:** This property is **shown** by dilute sodium hydroxide.

### Step 4: Analyze Property (iv)
**Property:** It reacts with solid sodium carbonate to give brisk effervescence.

**Analysis:** Sodium hydroxide is a strong base and sodium carbonate is also a base. When mixed, they do not react to produce carbon dioxide gas (which is responsible for effervescence). Effervescence occurs when an acid reacts with a carbonate. Since both substances are bases, no reaction occurs.

**Conclusion:** This property is **not shown** by dilute sodium hydroxide.

### Final Summary:
- Property (i): Not shown
- Property (ii): Shown
- Property (iii): Shown
- Property (iv): Not shown

Thus, the properties shown by dilute sodium hydroxide are **(ii) and (iii)**.

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