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Select the correct statements. I. Satura...

Select the correct statements.
I. Saturated hydrocarbons burn with a clean flame while unsaturated hydrocarbons give a yellow flame with lots of black smoke.
II. Aldehyde and carboxyl groups are non terminal functional groups.
III. Double or triple bonds can be present either at the end or in between the carbon chain.
IV. The members of a homologous series show a gradual gradation in physical properties.

A

`I` and `III` only

B

`II` and `III` only

C

`I, II` and `III` only

D

`I, III` and `IV` only

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the question, we need to evaluate each statement provided and determine whether they are correct or incorrect based on our understanding of carbon compounds. ### Step-by-Step Solution: **Step 1: Analyze Statement I** Statement I states: "Saturated hydrocarbons burn with a clean flame while unsaturated hydrocarbons give a yellow flame with lots of black smoke." - **Explanation**: Saturated hydrocarbons (like alkanes) have only single bonds and burn cleanly, producing a blue flame. Unsaturated hydrocarbons (like alkenes and alkynes) contain double or triple bonds, which lead to incomplete combustion, resulting in a yellow flame and black smoke. - **Conclusion**: This statement is **correct**. **Step 2: Analyze Statement II** Statement II states: "Aldehyde and carboxyl groups are non-terminal functional groups." - **Explanation**: Aldehyde groups (–CHO) are always found at the end of a carbon chain, making them terminal functional groups. Carboxylic acids (–COOH) are also terminal because they cannot exist in the middle of a carbon chain without a hydrogen atom. - **Conclusion**: This statement is **incorrect**. **Step 3: Analyze Statement III** Statement III states: "Double or triple bonds can be present either at the end or in between the carbon chain." - **Explanation**: Double bonds (alkenes) and triple bonds (alkynes) can indeed be located at the ends (terminal) or in the middle (non-terminal) of a carbon chain. - **Conclusion**: This statement is **correct**. **Step 4: Analyze Statement IV** Statement IV states: "The members of a homologous series show a gradual gradation in physical properties." - **Explanation**: Members of a homologous series (like alkanes) differ by a CH2 unit and exhibit gradual changes in physical properties such as boiling point, melting point, and solubility. - **Conclusion**: This statement is **correct**. ### Final Evaluation: - **Correct Statements**: I, III, IV - **Incorrect Statement**: II ### Answer: The correct statements are I, III, and IV. ---
To solve the question, we need to evaluate each statement provided and determine whether they are correct or incorrect based on our understanding of carbon compounds. ### Step-by-Step Solution: **Step 1: Analyze Statement I** Statement I states: "Saturated hydrocarbons burn with a clean flame while unsaturated hydrocarbons give a yellow flame with lots of black smoke." - **Explanation**: Saturated hydrocarbons (like alkanes) have only single bonds and burn cleanly, producing a blue flame. Unsaturated hydrocarbons (like alkenes and alkynes) contain double or triple bonds, which lead to incomplete combustion, resulting in a yellow flame and black smoke. - **Conclusion**: This statement is **correct**. ...
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