To solve the question, we need to analyze the information given about the elements P, Q, R, S, T, U, and V, and their properties based on their electronic configurations and the compounds they form.
### Step-by-Step Solution:
1. **Identify the Elements and Their Properties**:
- We have elements P, Q, R, S, T, U, and V.
- They have different numbers of electronic shells but the same number of electrons in their outermost shell. This indicates that they belong to the same group in the periodic table.
2. **Determine the Nature of Element P**:
- Element P combines with chlorine to form a very common acid. The most common acid formed with chlorine is hydrochloric acid (HCl), which suggests that element P is likely to be hydrogen (H).
3. **Determine the Nature of Element R**:
- Element R combines with chlorine to form common salt. The common salt formed with chlorine is sodium chloride (NaCl), which indicates that element R is likely to be sodium (Na).
4. **Analyze the Group and Period**:
- Since elements P (Hydrogen) and R (Sodium) belong to the same group (Group 1 - Alkali metals), they have one electron in their outermost shell.
- However, they do not belong to the same period; hydrogen is in period 1, while sodium is in period 3.
5. **Evaluate the Statements**:
- Based on the information, we can conclude the following:
- They belong to the same group (True).
- They do not belong to the same period (False).
- Element P forms a liquid and neutral oxide (True, as H2O is a liquid and neutral oxide).
### Conclusion:
The correct statements based on the analysis are:
- Elements P, Q, R, S, T, U, and V belong to the same group.
- Element P forms a liquid and neutral oxide.
