Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1: The components of azeotropes cannot be separated by fractional distillation.
Statement 2: The components of azeotropes form a constant boiling mixture.

Options

A. Both statements 1 and 2 are true and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.
B. Both statements 1 and 2 are true but statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1.
C. Statement 1 is true but statement 2 is false.
D. Both statements 1 and 2 are false.

Answer

To solve the question, we need to evaluate the two statements regarding azeotropes and determine their validity.

### Step 1: Understand Azeotropes
Azeotropes are mixtures of two or more liquids that have a constant boiling point and composition throughout the distillation process. This means that when they are boiled, they vaporize at the same ratio as they exist in the liquid phase.

**Hint:** Azeotropes behave differently than ideal solutions, as they do not follow Raoult's Law.

### Step 2: Analyze Statement 1
Statement 1 claims that "The components of azeotropes cannot be separated by fractional distillation." This is true because during fractional distillation, the vapor produced has the same composition as the liquid, making it impossible to separate the components effectively.

**Hint:** Consider how fractional distillation works and why it relies on differences in boiling points.

### Step 3: Analyze Statement 2
Statement 2 states that "The components of azeotropes form a constant boiling mixture." This is also true, as azeotropes boil at a constant temperature and maintain the same composition in both the liquid and vapor phases.

**Hint:** Think about what "constant boiling mixture" implies in terms of boiling point and composition.

### Step 4: Conclusion
Both statements are true, and Statement 1 provides the correct explanation for Statement 2. Therefore, the correct option is that both statements are true and Statement 1 is the correct explanation for Statement 2.

**Final Answer:** Both statements are true, and Statement 1 is the correct explanation for Statement 2.