Which of the following statements are correct about vegetative propagation in plants?
(i) It makes possible the propagation of some seedless fruit plants like banana, etc.
(ii) It is the means to produce genetically identical offspring.
(iii) It makes the plant more adaptable to the changing environmental conditions.
(iv) Vegetative propagation by plant tissue culture can be used for the production of disease-free plants.
(v) It brings adequate dispersal of vegetative propagules and thus reduces over-crowding.

Options

A. (i) and (iv) only
B. (ii), (iv) and (v) only
C. (i), (ii) and (iv) only
D. (iii) and (v) only

Answer

To determine which statements about vegetative propagation in plants are correct, let's analyze each statement step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze Statement (i)
**Statement (i): It makes possible the propagation of some seedless fruit plants like banana, etc.**
- **Explanation**: Vegetative propagation allows for the reproduction of plants without seeds, making it possible to propagate seedless varieties like bananas.
- **Conclusion**: This statement is **correct**.

### Step 2: Analyze Statement (ii)
**Statement (ii): It is the means to produce genetically identical offspring.**
- **Explanation**: Vegetative propagation results in offspring that are clones of the parent plant, as it involves asexual reproduction where no gametes are formed.
- **Conclusion**: This statement is **correct**.

### Step 3: Analyze Statement (iii)
**Statement (iii): It makes the plant more adaptable to the changing environmental conditions.**
- **Explanation**: Vegetative propagation does not change the genetic makeup of the plant, so it does not inherently make the plant more adaptable to environmental changes.
- **Conclusion**: This statement is **incorrect**.

### Step 4: Analyze Statement (iv)
**Statement (iv): Vegetative propagation by plant tissue culture can be used for the production of disease-free plants.**
- **Explanation**: Tissue culture allows for the selection of healthy plant parts to propagate, which can lead to the production of disease-free plants.
- **Conclusion**: This statement is **correct**.

### Step 5: Analyze Statement (v)
**Statement (v): It brings adequate dispersal of vegetative propagules and thus reduces over-crowding.**
- **Explanation**: Vegetative propagules often remain close to the parent plant, which can lead to overcrowding rather than reducing it.
- **Conclusion**: This statement is **incorrect**.

### Final Conclusion
The correct statements about vegetative propagation are:
- (i) It makes possible the propagation of some seedless fruit plants like banana, etc.
- (ii) It is the means to produce genetically identical offspring.
- (iv) Vegetative propagation by plant tissue culture can be used for the production of disease-free plants.

Thus, the correct answers are statements **(i), (ii), and (iv)**.

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