In which of the following cases, a pushing force is observed?
1. Closing the door of a cupboard.
2. Opening the drawer.
3. Lifting the shopping bag from the floor.
4. Leaves falling from the tree.

Options

A. Only 1
B. Only 2
C. Both 2 and 3
D. 1, 3 and 4

Answer

To determine in which of the given cases a pushing force is observed, let's analyze each option step by step.

### Step 1: Understanding Pushing Force
A pushing force is when you apply force to an object, causing it to move away from you. In contrast, a pulling force is when you apply force to bring an object closer to you.

### Step 2: Analyzing Each Option
1. **Closing the door of a cupboard**:
- When you close the door, you push it away from you. Therefore, this is an example of a pushing force.

2. **Opening the drawer**:
- When you open a drawer, you pull it towards you. This is a pulling force, not a pushing force.

3. **Lifting the shopping bag from the floor**:
- Lifting involves moving the bag upwards, but it is not pushing it away from you. You are pulling it upwards. Therefore, this is also a pulling force.

4. **Leaves falling from the tree**:
- Leaves falling is a natural process and does not involve any pushing or pulling force applied by a person. Thus, this does not qualify as either.

### Conclusion
From the analysis, the only case where a pushing force is observed is when **closing the door of a cupboard**.

### Final Answer
The correct answer is **Option 1: Closing the door of a cupboard**.

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