Consider the following sequence of reaction
`PhCH_3("excess")+Cl_2overset("Heat")toAoverset("aq.KOH")toBoverset(Na)toC`
`A+Coverset("Heat")toD`. Product D is :

Options

A. `PhCH_2OPh`
B. `PhCH_2OCH_2Ph`
C. `PhCH_2CH_2Ph`
D. `Ph-CH_2-overset(O)overset(||)C-Ph`

Answer

To solve the given sequence of reactions, let's break it down step by step:

### Step 1: Reaction of Toluene with Chlorine
The first reaction involves toluene (PhCH₃) reacting with chlorine (Cl₂) under heat. In this reaction, one hydrogen atom from the methyl group (–CH₃) of toluene is replaced by a chlorine atom.

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{PhCH}_3 + \text{Cl}_2 \xrightarrow{\text{Heat}} \text{PhCH}_2\text{Cl} + \text{HCl} \]

**Product A:**
The product A formed from this reaction is benzyl chloride (PhCH₂Cl).

### Step 2: Reaction of A with Aqueous KOH
Next, product A (benzyl chloride) is treated with aqueous KOH. In this reaction, the chlorine atom is replaced by a hydroxyl group (–OH) through a nucleophilic substitution reaction.

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{PhCH}_2\text{Cl} + \text{KOH (aq)} \rightarrow \text{PhCH}_2\text{OH} + \text{KCl} \]

**Product B:**
The product B formed is benzyl alcohol (PhCH₂OH).

### Step 3: Reaction of B with Sodium
Now, product B (benzyl alcohol) is treated with sodium (Na). In this reaction, sodium reacts with the alcohol to form a sodium alkoxide and hydrogen gas is released.

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{PhCH}_2\text{OH} + \text{Na} \rightarrow \text{PhCH}_2\text{O}^- \text{Na}^+ + \frac{1}{2} \text{H}_2 \uparrow \]

**Product C:**
The product C formed is sodium benzylate (PhCH₂O⁻Na⁺).

### Step 4: Reaction of A and C
The final step involves the reaction of product A (benzyl chloride) and product C (sodium benzylate) under heat. In this reaction, the chloride ion from benzyl chloride reacts with the sodium alkoxide, leading to the formation of a new compound.

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{PhCH}_2\text{Cl} + \text{PhCH}_2\text{O}^- \text{Na}^+ \xrightarrow{\text{Heat}} \text{PhCH}_2\text{O} \text{PhCH}_2 + \text{NaCl} \]

**Product D:**
The product D formed is diphenylmethanol (PhCH₂OPh).

### Final Answer:
The product D is diphenylmethanol (PhCH₂OPh).

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